Genera
Species
Category
Disease

Treponema
pallidum
spirochete
syphilis
X
Borrelia
burgdorferi
spirochete
Lyme disease
X
Campylobacter

Aerobic, motile, helical, Gram-negative
[campylobacteriosis]
X
Helicobacter
pylori
Aerobic, motile, helical, Gram-negative
peptic ulcer disease
X
Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci
urinary tract infections, burns, and wounds
X
Legionella

Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci
pneumonia and other respiratory infections
X
Neisseria
gonorrhoeae
Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci
gonorrhea; meningitis & nasopharylngeal infections by other species
X
Moraxella
lacunata
Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci
conjunctivitis
X
Bordetella
pertussis
Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci
whooping cough (pertussis)
X
Escherichia
coli
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
opportunistic infections of colon and other sites
X
Shigella
[dysenteriae, sonnei]
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
bacillary dysentery
X
Salmonella
typhimurium
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
typhoid fever, enteritis, and food poisoning
X
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
respiratory and urinary tract infections
X
Enterobacter
aerogenes
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
opportunistic infections
X
Serratia
marcescens
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
opportunistic infections
X
Proteus
vulgaris
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
urinary tract infections, especially nosocomial
X
Yersinia
pestis
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
plague
X
Vibrio
cholerae
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
cholera
X
Pasteurella

Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods

X
Haemophilus
influenzae
Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
respiratory infections, meningitis, conjunctivitis
X
Gardnerella

Facultatively anaerobic Gram-negative rods
vaginitis
X
Bacteroides

Anaerobic Gram-negative rod
various infections from fecal contamination
X
Rickettsia
[prowazekii, rickettsii]
Rickettsia and Chlamydiae
typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
X
Chlamydia
[trachomatis]
Rickettsia and Chlamydiae
trachoma, nongonococcal urethritis
X
Mycoplasma
pneumoniae
Mycoplasmas
walking pneumonia
X
Staphylococcus
aureus
Gram-positive cocci
skin abscesses, opportunistic infections such as toxic shock syndrome
X
Streptococcus
[pyogenes]
Gram-positive cocci
strep throat and other infections, puerperal fever = childbirth fever
X
[Micrococcus]
[luteus]
Gram-positive cocci

X
Bacillus
anthracis
Endospore-forming Gram-positive rods and cocci
anthrax
X
Clostridium
[botulinum, difficile, tetani, perfringens]
Endospore-forming Gram-positive rods and cocci
botulism, tetanus, gas gangrene
X
Corynebacterium
diphtheriae
Irregular nonsporing Gram-positive rods
diphtheria
X
Mycobacterium
[tuberculosis, leprae, paratuberculosis]
Mycobacteria
tuberculosis, leprosy (Hanson's disease)
X
Streptomyces

Streptomyces